The litter tray is an important part of a cat’s everyday sense of safety. If the route is noisy, blocked or awkward, a cat may look elsewhere. Set up the toilet area from your cat’s point of view: can they approach, look around and dig without interruption?
It is normal for cats to prefer a particular tray or litter. Introduce changes gradually, and discuss a sudden change in toileting habits with a vet.
Location and number
Choose a quiet place away from bowls, sleeping areas, doorways and appliances that make sudden noises. Keep access available, and avoid placing every tray in one line: to a cat, that may feel like a single location. A common guideline is one tray per cat, plus one extra, in separate places.
If you cannot provide many trays, start with two calm, accessible spots and see where your cat is comfortable. An older cat or one with limited mobility may find a low-sided tray easier to enter.
- Keep a clear route to the tray.
- Make sure there is room for your cat to turn around.
- In a multi-cat home, place trays in different locations.
Litter and cleaning
If your cat is used to a particular litter, keep it at first. If you need to switch, do so gradually or offer the alternative in a second tray. Strong scents may put off a cat’s sensitive nose.
Remove soiled litter regularly and clean the tray with a pet-appropriate product according to its instructions. Avoid leaving a strong smell behind. Leave enough space for digging, and do not suddenly move the toilet area.
- Check the tray every day.
- Keep the litter clean.
- Note the litter type if a problem develops.
If your cat goes outside the tray
Do not scold or rub your cat’s nose in it: punishment frightens them but does not show where the safe toilet is. Check cleanliness, access and interactions with other pets. If needed, temporarily add a tray in a quiet place.
If accidents begin suddenly, keep happening or are accompanied by distress or signs of pain, contact a clinic. A new change needs assessment, not just a different litter.
SMALL STEPS OF CARE
What you can do
- Put the tray in a quiet place that is always accessible.
- Keep it separate from food and water.
- Check the tray size, sides and ease of entry.
- Remove soiled litter regularly.
- Contact a clinic if toileting behaviour changes suddenly.
What to avoid
- Punishing your cat for an accident.
- Suddenly changing familiar litter or tray location.
- Dismissing a sudden change as bad behaviour.
CHECKING IS CARING
Sources and further reading
Sources checked November 2, 2026. The editorial team prepared this guide from public recommendations; it has not received individual veterinary review.
How we prepare our guides →Every cat has their own pace. Your attention makes a difference.
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